Can Diet Alone Control Type 2 Diabetes? No Evidence Yet
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http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/07/
080715204819.htm
ScienceDaily (July 16, 2008) — Despite strong evidence that type 2 diabetes can be prevented or at least delayed by a combination of lifestyle changes and good dietary advice, a team of Cochrane Researchers found that there is no indication whether dietary advice alone can prevent the disease.
Type 2 diabetes is very common and the number of people affected is increasing. The disease is linked to obesity, with 80% of individuals who develop the disease being obese. Therefore as the incidence of obesity rises around the world, so too does the incidence of type 2 diabetes. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than 180 million people worldwide have diabetes. It claims that this number is likely to more than double by 2030.*
When a team of Cochrane Researchers set out to see if dietary advice alone could help a person with type 2 diabetes, they were only able to identify two trials that together involved just 358 people.
"Considering the importance of this disorder, we were disappointed to find such a small amount of relevant data," says lead researcher Lucie Nield, who works in Centre for Food, Physical Activity & Obesity, University of Teesside, Middlesbrough.
The two studies did, however, indicate that dietary advice alone could play an important role. One study randomly assigned people to either a control group or a dietary advice group. After six years 67.7% of people in the control group had diabetes, compared with only 43.8% in the advice group. This was a 33% reduction. In another study 12 months of dietary advice led to significant reductions in many diabetes related factors, such as insulin resistance, fasting C-peptide, fasting proinsulin, fasting blood glucose, fasting triglycerides, and fasting cholesterol and PAI-1.
"These two studies give grounds for believing that dietary advice alone could play an important role in reducing type 2 diabetes, but we do need more well-designed, long-term studies before we can work out the best advice to give," says Nield.
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We are not agree with the above research news.
ReplyDeleteOur opinion is the control of diet can helps in prevent type II diabetes. Type II diabetes is the more common type of diabetes in which the cells fail to respond to insulin(fat cells resist insulin).This condition tends to occur as a consequence of obesity. According to "understanding nutrition" book, the best prevention of type II diabetes is to maintain a healthy weight.For people with type II diabetes can choose food rich in complex carbohydrate (low GI food) because slow absorption avoids any sudden rise in blood glucose.
Wong Bao Ying(1000716430)
Eu Suk Chiew(1000716712)
Lo Yin Yin(1000716135)
Mooi Ngan Ling(1000410412)
We agree that diet alone can control type 2 diabetes. For our information, type 2 diabetes is because insulin in our body out of control. Either it is less insulin or the cells ignore insulin. Causes of type 2 diabetes normally is because unbalance dietary of people, so that, we agree diet alone can control type 2 diabetes.
ReplyDeletePeople always said, we are what we eat. Why say so? It is because the foods we consume always affect our healthy. Type 2 diabetes, is due to insulin does not work well. However, why it happen so? It is because people always consume food high in carbohydrate and high in sugar.
When we consume the food which high in sugar or carbohydrate, the insulin in out body is not enough to break down the carbohydrates, and so, it cause level of blood glucose increase. Obesity can precipitate type 2 diabetes; the best prevention measure is to maintain a healthy body weight.
Diet can prevent and control type 2 diabetes because can control body weight. Besides, we can choose the food, which contain lower carbohydrate and sugar, so that pancreas will secret enough amount of insulin into the blood to break down the sugar.
Diet alone can prevent and control type 2 diabetes; even it is no evidence yet, but its function to every human.
The summary below is about blood glucose homeostasis:
1. When a person eats, blood glucose rises.
2. High blood glucose stimulates the pancreas to release insulin.
3. Insulin stimulates the uptake of glucose into cells and storage as glycogen in the liver and muscles. Insulin also stimulates the conversion of excess glucose into fat or storage.
4. As the body’s cell use glucose, blood levels decline.
5. Low blood glucose stimulates the pancreas to release glucagon into the bloodstream.
6. Glucagon stimulates liver cells to break down glycogen and release glucose into the blood.
7. Blood glucose begins to rise.
Chen Ai Lin 1000613626
Hung Wei Wei 1000613835
Yong Xin Lan 1000613702
Teo Chin Chin 1000716643
We disagree that type 2 diabetes can be solely controlled by diet. For people who diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, especially those who are overweight,
ReplyDeletelifestyle changes can mean that insulin injections or tablets are no
longer needed. However, the progression of the condition is only
slowed down, meaning that blood glucose levels can be controlled
through diet and physical activity alone. It is common to add oral medications if exercise and diet therapy proved ineffective. Insulin injections may follow if type 2 diabetes fails to respond.
Exercise helps control type 2 diabetes by improving body’s use of insulin, burn excess fat, improve muscle strength, lowering blood pressure and others. When exercise, the body needs extra energy for the exercising muscles. For short bursts of exercise, the muscles and the liver can release stores of glucose for fuel. With continued moderate exercising, however, our muscles take up glucose at almost 20 times the normal rate. This lowers blood sugar levels. Besides, exercise also decreases body fat content, thus the failure to lose weight with exercise programmes is probably explained by the conversion of fat to muscle. Exercise improved the body's reaction to insulin and decreased blood lipids. All in all, type 2 diabetes can be controlled by diet and exercise.
Goh Ee Vian 1000613818
Kong Hui Yin 1000613701
Ooi Hooi Leng 1000613622
Tang Yen Theng 1000614042
We agree that dietary advice alone can control type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a disease that is not associated with insulin deficiency but rather with a substantial resistance to the hormone's blood sugar-lowering effect. As Type 2 diabetes is non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, the main way to control type 2 diabetes is to control the blood glucose level within the normal range.
ReplyDeleteAccording to Ezrin and Kowalski, diet remains a critical component of diabetes treatment today. By consuming low GI food, we can prevent the elevated of blood glucose and thus control Type 2 diabetes. On the other hand, maintaining a normal body weight also is an important way to control Type 2 diabetes. So, controlled diet is needed to maintain a healthy body weight. Although exercise and medicine can improve the body's response to insulin to control blood sugar levels, diet is the most important point and also able to control type 2 diabetes without the other treatments.
Goh Sook Kuan 1000715657
Chook Pui Man 1000715668
Huan Hui Chieng 1000715750
Chew Kin Ken 1000715725
We totally agree that diet alone can control type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease caused by high levels of sugar in the blood. People with this disease have problems with conversion glucose into glycogen. After meal, the food is broken down from starches into glucose. Then, insulin takes the glucose from blood to the cells throughout the body. So, people with type 2 diabetes will have high glucose in the blood as the body does not produce enough insulin or the cells ignore the insulin. Thus, maintain a normal range of blood glucose is very important to control the type 2 diabetes. To maintain the normal range of blood glucose, diets play an important role. Low GI foods that usually low in calories and fat but high in fibers and nutrients are good sources to maintain the normal blood glucose as they raise the blood glucose more slowly. By making wise food choices, we can control the blood glucose level and therefore prevent this disease. In addition, statistical shows that people who are overweight and inactive are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. Excess of fat and inactive reduce the body’s ability to respond to insulin. So, maintain a reasonable body weight helps to control the type 2 diabetes. Another word, to maintain the body weight, we need to start from our daily diet. In conclusion, diet is the main key to control and prevent the type 2 diabetes as human need to consume foods everyday in order to get energy.
ReplyDeleteSoon Elsie 1000613423
Ng Hui Cheng 1000613380
Liow Mei Lian 1000613343
Tan Cheng Siew 1000613308
We disagree that diet ALONE can control type 2 diabetes. Besides diet, the patients are usually administered with insulin injection and asked to maintain an active and healthy lifestyle such as going for exercise. In type 2 diabetes patients, the body does not make or use insulin well thus we need an external source of insulin via injection for the body to properly regulate blood glucose levels. In order to prevent type 2 diabetes, choosing the healthier foods including 5 to 9 servings of fruits and vegetables each day are important for good health and to prevent from diabetes. Besides that, low-glycemic index diet is strongly recommended as it is significantly better than a high-fiber diet for keeping blood glucose levels down. Exercising helps improve physical health and also help relieve stress. The patients are recommended at least 30 minutes of exercise on most days of the week. Exercises can lower blood sugar by speeding the transport of glucose in the cells as the cells require more energy during exercise. Other than diet and exercises, genes are one of the factors that can put you at risk in developing type 2 diabetes.
ReplyDeleteYap Wye Ken 1000613712
Teoh Lay Yau 1000613412
Lim Zhi Hern 1000613394
Kam Pei Yee 1000613215
We are agreed that the dietary advice alone could play an important role in reducing type-2 diabetes. This is because all of the people need to eat everyday. For those type-2 diabetes patients, eating a consistent amount of food daily can greatly improve the blood glucose level and decrease the risk of diabetes-related complications like coronary artery disease, kidney disease, and nerve damage. In addition, diet control can also help the patient loss their weight. Most of the type-2 diabetes patients are insulin resistant which means the produced insulin does not work very efficiently and large amounts are required to keep the blood glucose level down. For the people who are having obesity problem is tends to be insulin resistant. Insulin sensitivity is the opposite of insulin resistance. The more the sensitivity of insulin, the less insulin is required to control the blood glucose levels. Therefore, the patient need to increase the insulin sensitivity through weight loss and an increase in activity level then less insulin is needed to keep blood glucose levels controlled. If less insulin is needed, then less strain is put on the beta cells.
ReplyDeleteQuah Wei Ying 1000513125
Christina Yu Sui Na 1000614077
Tan Hui Wen 1000613780
Who is wrong? who is correct? You may comment other opinions to support your standing :)
ReplyDeleteWe completely disagree that diet alone can CONTROL Type 2 Diabetes. Dietary advises many not be successful as medications should also be considered. The normal typical medication is metformin or gliclazide tablets. These tablets control diabetes in different ways. For example, they help the pencrease to produce more insulin or help our body to use insulin more effectively or slow down the rate at which glucose is absorbed by the bowel after eating a meal. For some who has severe stage of Diabetes, dietary changes or tablets may not be effective for diabetes management. Thus, they may need insulin injections.
ReplyDeleteMoreover, ALA can protect pancreatic beta cells from destruction, and reduce triglyceride accumulation in skeletal muscles and pancreatic islet, thus, more insulin can be produced to lower the level of blood glucose.
By taking Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA)
It is a powerful antioxidant, where it speed the removal of glucose from bloodstream, partly by reducing insulin resistance enhancing insulin function.
Besides, it as well inhibits glycosylation (the abnormal attachment of sugar to protein).
It involved in the metabolic process of converting and breaking down carbohydrates, proteins and fats and form into ATP, which is used by the body, thus indirectly reducing sugar accumulation.
Daryl Glory 1000716443
Toh Pui Yee 1000716143
Daa Hitham 1000715767
Cara Staussi 1000615297
We strongly disagree that diet alone can control type 2 diabetes.
ReplyDeleteIn overweight people with type 2 diabetes, even moderate weight loss can help improve insulin resistance, blood lipids, and blood pressure. Together with diet, a REGULAR ROUTINE of MODERATE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY not only support weight loss, but also improves blood glucose control, blood lipid profiles and blood pressure. Thus, the benefits of regular, long-term physical activity for the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes are substantial.
Lim Zhi Hui 1000715349
Ong Chin Min 1000716042
Lee Wei Ning 1000716087
Chia Chee Chuan 1000716187
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteWe disagree that diet alone can control type 2 diabetes although significant change in reducing in risk of type 2 diabetes with diet. There are other factors we need to consider such as lifestyle habit, stress and age.
ReplyDeleteWhen a person is under stress, the stress hormone, cortisol is produced. As cortisol increasing, type 2 diabetes patient will have excess glucose build up in bloodstream and increase in blood glucose level to “fight o flight" response from energy mobilization that release more sugar into the blood stream to our muscle and brain cell for tissue repairing.
Consideration of the personal physical activity and age are vital factor contribute to the type 2 diabetes. A reduction in muscle mass and increasing in fat deposition in body due to physical inactivity and age reduces the storage for blood sugar and accumulates in the blood stream. Serum non-esterified fatty acid (serum NEFA) cause insulin resistance and reduced beta cell function. besides that, adipocyte secretion of proteins and cytokines may also contribute to insulin resistance which IRS-2 signaling arm of the interleukin-4 pathway disrupted the type 2 diabetes.
As a conclusion, type 2 diabetes is best treated with weight loss, a healthy diet, and exercise and reduce in stress.
LEONG FEI SHAN 1000715949
CHIN KAI SHIEN 1000715766
SAMUEL LIM CHIN HAU 1000716154
LIEW KAH HONG 1000716153
VARINDERJIT SINGH 1000613645
We disagree with it. Though the research proved there’s significant reduction of one’s potential to diagnose diabetes if they were to attempt to control and maintain their normal blood glucose level solely based on a proper diet but the fact that there are a number of factors, for instance some distinct disorders that can contribute to type 2 diabetes, and not all of which can be mitigated by diet alone. Diabetes patients suggest that even if they came off with a proper diet and oral medication. Still, they couldn’t be freed from diabetics. While dietary alone could play a major role in controlling type 2 diabetes but if blood glucose can only be maintained by diet or exercise or weight loss alone, then the individual did not have "Type 2 Diabetes" to begin with but tends towards some sort of fat-hormone-mediated glucose metabolism disorder.
ReplyDeleteHo Man Chee 1000715908
Heng Pei Ying 1000716388
Goh Yee Wei 1000716447
Yip Pui Ling 1000613765
We all know that it is essential for people with type 2 diabetes to stick to a healthy meal plan. Just cut back on carbohydrate intakes as the carbohydrate will breakdown to form glucose. However, we do not agree that it’s diet alone that will help to reduce the risk of diabetes. There are other factors involved also such as taking diabetic medication and physical activity. Studies have shown that diet and exercise sharply reduced the chances that a subject with impaired glucose tolerance would develop diabetes. The combination of diet and exercise appeared more effective than medication. However, experts say that even if a person's weight is normal and they exercise, some people with type 2 diabetes will still require medication. Though some patients who were able to control their diabetes with healthy eating and regular exercise, the experts emphasized that individual response to this disease is different. Therefore, medication plays an important role to certain patients to control diabetes.
ReplyDeleteKho Pik Fang 1000715946
Chong Pik Han 1000716619
Kher Joe Yan 1000410336
Pearline Ng Heng Chu 1000613519
We strongly disagree that diet ALONE can control type 2 diabetes. It is known that type 2 diabetes patients are characterized by high blood glucose in the context of relative insulin deficiency and insulin resistance. The insulin produced in the body fails to assist the glucose and transport them into cells results in the increase level of glucose in the blood.
ReplyDeleteTherefore, patients with type 2 diabetes need to take medications in order to lower down the glucose level in the body. Diet itself might be important in controlling type 2 diabetes but it is not the only way. Type 2 diabetes patients might be avoiding sugary foods but the body itself can also produce blood glucose. One example is the liver which releases blood glucose from glycogen stores. Biguanide metformin is a type of drug which is widely used for type 2 diabetes patients. The function of the drug is to reduce the release of blood glucose from the liver.
Regular exercise does have benefits to those diagnosed with type 2 diabetes as exercise would stimulate the release of certain ligands. These ligands will cause the release of GLUT4 to the cell membrane. Insulin in the body of those patients with type 2 diabetes which no longer works effectively cause GLUT1 to be placed into the membrane. Although GLUT4 and GLUT1 might have different structures, both of them act as the similar function; increase the intake of glucose into cell from the blood.
Khoo Boon Seong 1000715655
How Choi Kuen 1000613285
Yes, we agree that dietary advice alone could not control Type 2 Diabetes. Type 2 Diabetes is associated with insulin resistance and with relative insulin deficiency; that is the amount of insulin is insufficient to compensate for its diminished effect in cells. It is related to the inability of the pancreas to produce enough amount of insulin. Other than having a healthy diet and regular routine of moderate physical activity, insulin therapy is more likely to be used.
ReplyDeleteSee Ya Yuan 1000613378
Then Siew Wei 1000613503
Tan Pei Win 1000613817
Yau Le Si 1000613997
We are agreeing with diet alone control the type 2 diabetes. Although type 2 diabetes is a progressive and complex disorder which is very difficult to treat effectively in the long term. In type 2 diabetes, the body does not produce enough insulin or insulin resistance. Family history and genetic play an important role in type 2; low activity, overweight and poor diet increase risk for type 2. Major patients are obesity and overweight and require insulin therapy to maintain long term glycemia control, or in conjunction with oral antidiabetic therapy. Other than that, diet and weight control, regular physical activity and foot care is an important issue that need to be attention. According to the article, studies found out that dietary advice alone could play an important role in reducing type 2 diabetes and proven with 2 studies, a huge reduction with 33% of diabetes patients after involved in the dietary advice group. Beside that, in another study of 12 months dietary advice has led to reduction in many diabetes related factors, such as insulin resistance, fasting C-peptide, fasting proinsulin, fasting blood glucose, fasting triglycerides, and fasting cholesterol and PAI-1. This indicates that dietary advice can alone reduce the major factor of type 2 diabetes which is insulin resistance without an association of the regular physical activity and medication. With a control diet, the patient could reduce the body weight and no longer need the medication support. After reach the ideal weight, patient’s own insulin and careful diet can control their blood glucose levels. These 2 studies gives the good starts stated that dietary advice alone could play an important role in reducing the type 2 diabetes, but more long term studies is needed for better result. Beside that, intensive lifestyle modification can be more effective than the drug therapy; therefore, with an appropriate dietary advice can help to reduce type 2 diabetes. But, when associated with physical activity can promote better result. With control diet and increase physical activity would work out better than control diet alone, to give patients have a healthier lifestyle.
ReplyDeleteLim Yii Sin 1000615204
Zhang Wan Jing 1000614469
Lau Kah Ming 1000613286
Hoe Chin Yew 1000614590
We disagree that diet alone can control type II diabetes. Type II diabetes is a chronic disease and it begins when the body does not respond correctly to insulin, a hormone released by the pancreas. This leads to a high sugar level in the blood. Besides diet, there are many other factors which affect how well diabetes is controlled. Many of these factors are controlled by the patient, including how much and what is eaten, how frequently the blood glucose is monitored, physical activity levels, and accuracy and consistency of medication dosing. Even small changes can affect blood glucose control. Eating a consistent amount of food every day and taking medications as directed can greatly improve blood glucose control and decrease the risk of diabetes-related complications, such as coronary artery disease, kidney disease, and nerve damage. In addition, these measures impact weight control.Many people with type 2 diabetes are overweight. Losing even a relatively small amount of weight can help the body to produce and use insulin more efficiently. Exercising regularly can help to lose weight and keep it off. People who take insulin or oral medications that can lower blood glucose levels should check their blood glucose level before and after exercising. In conclusion, even though diet plays a big role in controlling this disease, it alone cannot control this disease effectively without the other factors as mentioned above.
ReplyDeleteCallista Joanne Fernandez 1000715768
Chong Yee Wun 1000716311
Jaclyn Ooi Su Yin 1000716536
Teo Li Anne 1000716357